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Anthurium Propagation
Seeds
To grow anthurium plants from seed
is a lengthy process. It may take 3 years from seed to bloom.
Each new plant grown from seed will be different in some way
from each parent. An individual anthurium flower is, in reality,
a small segment of the spadix. The individual flowers are hermaphordtic,
with a two carpelled ovary and four anthers. The rudimentary
perianth consists of four fleshy tepals. When mature, the stigma
appears as a rounded protuberence on the spadix. When these
are ready to be pollinated, they are damp and shiny.
Once pollination and fertilization is accomplished, the
spadix gradually takes on a warty appearence. After 6 - 7 months,
many mature, two carpelled, one or two seeded, yellow berries
are formed. The yellow berries are collected and pressed lightly
to squeeze 1 or 2 green seeds out of the pulp.
In planting, these seeds are scattered on finely shredded
hapu'u (Cibotium chamissoi or tree fren fibers)
or other appropriate media and stored under 75% to 80% shade.
The seeds germinate immediatly and can be transplanted within
4 to 6 months. The seedlings can be expected to flower in about
1½ years after seeding, and 2½ to 3 years are often required
for the majority of seedlings to flower.
Cuttings
Vegetative propagation, the asexual
method of propagation, ensures that the offspring will be identical
with the parent. One common vegetative propagation method of
increasing a particular cultivar is topping. The plant is grown
until some roots have developed near the stem top. The top with
these new roots is then removed to produce a new plant. The
remaining base of the stem with roots will develop two or more
side shoots (suckers). By repeating this procedure, large numbers
of plants may be propagated. The tendency of a plant to produce
suckers is not only inherent in the cultivar but is also influenced
by the plants environment. Another method of vegetative propagation
is placing mature or large stems on their side in damp propagating
media to encourage the production of new shoots.
When plants are propagated by seeds and or tissue culture,
the plantlets go through a juvenile phase followed by a generative
or flower production stage.
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